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Argon (alama ta Ar, lambar atomic 18) iskar gas ce mai daraja da aka bambanta ta rashin aiki, mara launi, mara wari, da halaye marasa ɗanɗano-halayen da ke sa ya zama lafiya ga rufaffiyar ko kewaye. Ya ƙunshi kusan 0.93% na yanayin duniya, yana da yawa fiye da sauran iskar gas kamar Neon (0.0018%) ko krypton (0.00011%), yana ba shi fa'ida ta yanayi don amfani mai girma. Kwanciyarsa sinadarai yana fitowa daga cikakken harsashi na lantarki na waje (8 valence electrons), wanda ke nufin kusan bai taba yin mahadi tare da wasu abubuwa ba-ko da a yanayin zafi ko kuma cikin matsanancin matsin lamba. A daidaitaccen zafin jiki da matsa lamba (STP), argon yana wanzuwa azaman iskar gas (wanda ya haɗa da atom guda ɗaya, sabanin diatomic oxygen ko nitrogen), tare da wurin tafasa na -185.8°C da kuma daskarewa na -189.3°C. Waɗannan ƙananan yanayin zafi suna nufin yana buƙatar ajiya na cryogenic, amma kuma suna sanya shi manufa don aikace-aikace kamar kayan aikin sanyaya, saboda baya amsawa da kayan koda lokacin sanyi zuwa sifili kusa.

Argon ya fi rabuwa da iska ta hanyar rarrabuwar kasusuwa, daidaitaccen tsari, matakai masu yawa. Na farko, ana tace iska mai iska don cire ƙura, tururin ruwa, da carbon dioxide — ƙazanta waɗanda zasu iya tarwatsa sanyaya ko gurɓata samfurin ƙarshe. Bayan haka, za a datse iskar da aka tsarkake kuma a sanyaya a cikin injin zafi, a ƙarshe ya kai -200 ° C, wanda ya canza shi zuwa ruwa. Daga nan sai a jefar da wannan iska mai ruwa a cikin wata doguwar hasumiya mai distillation, inda ake dumama ta a hankali. Saboda iskar gas daban-daban suna da wuraren tafasa na musamman-nitrogen tafasa a -195.8 ° C (ƙasa da argon), oxygen a -183 ° C (mafi girma fiye da argon) - suna yin tururi a matakai daban-daban na hasumiya. Gas na Nitrogen yana tashi zuwa sama kuma ana tattara shi da farko, yayin da iskar oxygen ke zama ruwa a ƙasa. Argon, tare da madaidaicin wurin tafasa, ya taru a tsakiyar hasumiya, inda aka cire shi. Ana aika argon da aka tattara ta mataki na tsarkakewa na biyu don cire duk wani abin da ya rage na nitrogen ko oxygen, wanda ya haifar da argon mai daraja na masana'antu (99.99% tsarki) ko ultra-pure argon (99.999% tsarki) don amfani da fasaha mai zurfi.

Rashin rashin aiki na Argon ya sa ya zama dole a cikin masana'antu da yawa. A cikin ƙarfe, iskar gas ce mai mahimmanci don ɗaukar matakan walda kamar MIG (Metal Inert Gas) da TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas). Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi don walda karafa irin su aluminum, bakin karfe, ko titanium, yana haifar da shinge mai kariya a kusa da yankin weld, yana hana oxidation wanda zai raunana haɗin gwiwa ko haifar da lahani-mahimmanci don kera firam ɗin mota, sassan jirgin sama, da kayan gini. Masana'antar lantarki ta dogara da ultra-tsarki argon don kera semiconductors: yayin jibgewar siraran ƙarfe ko siliki a kan microchips, argon ya cika ɗakin samarwa, yana tabbatar da cewa babu barbashi na iska da ke gurɓata madaidaicin madauri. Bayan masana'antu masu nauyi, argon yana kara tsawon rayuwar kwararan fitila masu haske ta hanyar rage yawan fitar da filaye na tungsten (rayuwar kwan fitila sau biyu idan aka kwatanta da kwararan fitila masu cike da iska) kuma yana adana kayan tarihi-kamar tsoffin rubuce-rubucen rubuce-rubuce ko kayan yadi masu rauni-a cikin abubuwan nunin kayan tarihi, inda ya maye gurbin oxygen don dakatar da lalacewa. Har ila yau, yana taka rawa a cikin marufi na abinci, inda aka haɗe shi da nitrogen don fitar da iskar oxygen, adana kayan gasa, kayan ciye-ciye, da sabbin kayan abinci na dogon lokaci.

Ta fuskar tattalin arziki, argon yana da albarkatu mai daraja saboda yawan buƙatunsa da ƙarancin farashin samarwa. Tun da albarkatunsa iska ne - marar iyaka, albarkatu kyauta - rarrabuwar juzu'i yana da tsada, musamman idan aka haɗa shi tare da samar da nitrogen ko iskar oxygen (tsari da yawa suna samar da iskar gas guda uku a lokaci ɗaya, rage sama). Kasuwancin argon na duniya yana da darajar sama da dala biliyan 8 a shekara, tare da ci gaba na ci gaba na 5-7% a kowace shekara. Wannan ci gaban yana haifar da masana'antu kamar na kera motoci (kamar yadda samar da abin hawa na lantarki ya karu, yana buƙatar ƙarin walƙiya daidai), kayan lantarki (faɗaɗɗen 5G da masana'antar semiconductor), da makamashi mai sabuntawa (samar da hasken rana yana amfani da argon don ɗaukar sel photovoltaic). Ba kamar iskar gas mai daraja ba (krypton ya fi sau 10-20, xenon sau 50-100), iyawar argon ya sa ya isa ga manyan masana'antu da ƙananan dakunan gwaje-gwaje. Kamar yadda fasaha ta duniya da ci gaban ababen more rayuwa ke haɓaka, ana sa ran buƙatar argon zai ƙara haɓaka, yana ƙarfafa matsayinsa a matsayin babban mai ba da gudummawar haɓaka masana'antu da sabbin fasahohi a duk duniya.

Idan kuna son ƙarin bayani, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu kyauta:

Tuntuɓar:Miranda Wei

Email:miranda.wei@hzazbel.com

Mob/What's App/Muna Taɗi:+86-13282810265

WhatsApp: +86 157 8166 4197

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